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I shouldn't use swung dash (~) at all. When to Use Em Dashes The em dash (about as wide as an uppercase M), is a relatively artistic punctuation mark, compared to the more technical hyphen and en dash. Usage of en dashes and em dashes. This makes it hard to customize or remove it. Some people may prefer to use the horizontal b. When I was editing my first few books, I had to refer to reference materials a lot more than I do lately, and though the go-to guide for fiction, The Chicago Manual of Style, does have guidelines about interrupted speech, they exist in multiple areas and are a little hard to find.As a result, I've often found myself longing for a clear and concise guide on how to punctuate interrupted dialogue. A look inside manmac.tex, which is some macros for The famous TeXbook, reveals the definition of \author: which uses --- (EM-Dash) for quotes. Spanish puts a second dash on the same line, to close the dialogue, whereas English doesn't. If you use them that way, it isn't more "correct" or clear to use quotation marks, and for that matter isn't even the standard. The middle dot is an anachronistic analogue to the decimal point, still used by some designers to enumerate amounts of decimalized currency. By default an em dash is used as the marker for an attribution line. (Chicago Style) : It admits of but one attribution, and that embracing an identical proposition. AP requires space on each side of an em dash; in printed publications, however, letter spacing is the . The term "em dash" comes from the field of typography—an "em" is a width equivalent to the height of a given font. In The Oxford Manual of Style a quote sums up the challenge of understanding hyphens: "If you take hyphens seriously, you will surely go mad.". There are two kinds of dashes: em dashes (—) and shorter en dashes (-). It is the width of a letter m, hence the name em dash. An em dash is most often used to indicate a pause in a sentence. A figure dash looks and functions much like a hyphen. Take a look: "I know that if we all get together — we've got a window of time — we can start slowing down climate change …. Some people may prefer to not follow the dash with a space. 667-555-9862. because they don't look correct with spaces. GET json and hal+json output does not escape single quote character. A block quote may end with an attribution: a text block beginning with "-", "—", or a true em-dash, flush left within the block quote. Add quotation marks on the outside of the sentence with no spaces between . Also, I replace en-dashes with em-dashed because en-dashes are too easy to get mixed up with a dash. There are two ways to eliminate this problem. There should be no space between the en dash and the adjacent material. If the attribution consists of multiple lines, the left edges of the second and subsequent lines must align. Use two spaces before the dash and one after to set the attribution apart from the quote. consider if the blockquote adds value to the page. Capitalize the first word following a dash. Right: "I thought you said—". The basics of Associated Press style from Boston University's College of Communications. In the PC version of Word, after your em dash, hit [ctrl] ['] (apostrophe) then [shift] ["]. It's a limiting technique in the sense that it's difficult to vary placement of dialog-to embed it within a paragraph, for example-but when used well it seems to strike a balance between quotes and no quotes. A person's name is not the title of a work [.] Posted By : / nawanshahr to chandigarh bus distance /; Under :general physicians groupgeneral physicians group Epigraphs are often used as literary devices in fictional writing to engage a reader's curiosity and imagination . Let's take these marks from longest to shortest. To reproduce this issue on a clean install, create a node with a single quote in title or body field enable modules: HAL, Restful Web Services, Serialization check JSON and/or HAL+JSON output; methods used so far to check output: Views Rest . It's stronger than a comma, but weaker than a period or semicolon. The department prefers bullets, but punctuate them per AP style: After each bullet, capitalize the first letter and use periods at the end of each item. An em dash does not usually exist on a standard keyboard but can be represented with three hyphens. Also reformatted Manchester Guardian attribution to include em-dash for consistency with other quotation attributions. use an em-dash (—) before the attribution. The em dash (—) is used for abrupt changes of thought, epigraphs and datelines. An unspaced em dash won't automatically break over a line. . Use 2 em dashes for some quoted speech and deliberate omissions in text. WHATWG says about the cite element. Em dash shortcut (Windows) Ctrl+Alt+Minus (on numeric keypad) Em dash shortcut (Mac) Command (⌘) + M. Character Code. — HTML Standard: 4.4.4.The blockquote element. That means we are going to discuss the em dash first. Omit unnecessary words and sentences. a book, a paper, [.]) Another way to create them is to press and hold Alt and type 0151 on a Windows device or select Option, Shift, and the hyphen key ( ‐) on a Mac. To understand what this means, it is useful to contrast quotation and sampling. Other characters such as em dash, greater than and forward slash escape correctly. What is an em dash? 2014, Alt+X. Word has built-in shortcuts for dashes. Alt+0151. It allows, in a manner similar to parentheses, an additional thought to be added within a sentence by sort of breaking away from that sentence—as I've done here. An epigraph is a brief quotation placed at the beginning of a book or at the head of a chapter, article, story, or other work. The dash as it's used in Spanish (and a lot of other languages too) is different from the dash used in English. You will find this material in chapters 8⁠-⁠12. When you type two hyphens together (--), most word processors automatically combine them into a single dash. Unindented paragraph. According to grammarbook.com, the Em Dash should be preferable for a more informal writing in English language. CTRL-H to open search/replace dialog, then click the "More Options" button (if not already displayed) and enable the "[x] Regular expressions" option. The em dash—which this article will be focused on—is the longer of the two. Multiple block quotes may occur consecutively if terminated with attributions. : This portion of the figure he enriches by the attribution of whiteness, or unity and radiance. Quotes • If you're using an em dash for attribution, one space before the dash, no space after. Attribution • Generally, all quotes should have attribution, even if it is obvious who is . Depending on the context, the en dash is read as "to" or "through.". put the blockquote in a <blockquote> tag. Its use or misuse for this purpose is a matter of taste, and subject to the effect on the writer's or reader's "ear.". en dash -. and the element must therefore not be used to mark up people's names. HTML also provides references to the code positions for one-quarter and three-quarters fractions. > Quote — Benjamin Franklin According to the HTML Living Standard, attribution for the quotation must be placed outside the blockquote element.. Attribution for the quotation, if any, must be placed outside the blockquote element. The Purdue OWL maintains a number of resources on punctuation you can visit to learn more: Apostrophes; Commas; Conquering the Comma ; Grammar and ESL Exercises; Hyphens; Punctuation . When should I use an en dash? You will most often see (and use) the figure dash when writing phone numbers or similar number sequences. Facebook page opens in new window Linkedin page opens in new window with a block quote, put the em dash on a new line following the quote and before the attribution, with no spacing on either side of the em dash. A block quote may end with an attribution: a text block beginning with --, ---, or a true em-dash, flush left within the block quote. If your thinking is that the dash is not part of the original quote, then put the dash outside the quotes. When you want to quote someone like a public figure or interviewee for a news story or another piece of writing like a research article, it is important to know how to properly do so. By default, SmartyPants uses three hyphens for an em-dash and two for an en-dash, a convention first used by TeX and LaTeX. Em dash used for quote attribution When listing the author of a quote, you'll sometimes see an em dash before the author's name, like this: Live long and prosper. "No, no, that's not what I meant.". Finally, em dashes only go inside quotation marks for dialogue, to show that the speaker is abruptly cut off. Configuration files are used for persistent customization; they can be set once and take effect every time you use a component, e.g., via a front-end tool . Hyphen, em-dash, en-dash Hyphens are used to form a single idea from two or more words, such as soft-spoken, hard-bodied, or single-handed. The en dash is used to represent a span or range of numbers, dates, or time. Transcript. em-dash are larger and they don't get mixed up. Use periods, not semicolons, at the end of each section. If I were human, I believe the correct response would be "Go to hell." —Spock. Hyphens belong to a category of punctuation marks that may hurt your brain if you think about them too hard, and, like commas, people disagree about their use in certain situations. ATTRIBUTION: Use a dash before an author's or composer's name at the end of a quotation. Configuration file settings override the built-in defaults, and command-line options override all. If you are not yet 18+, leave this website immediately.. long live piano chords It is wider than an en dash (-) or a hyphen (-). Alan C. Jenkins, Wildlife in the City: Animals, Birds, Reptiles . An unspaced en dash can be used in place of the word "through" when indicating a range of values, such as numbers, times and dates. Use standard capitalization and punctuation at the beginning and end of the sentence. The table above contains all the information you need to type the em dash sign into your Word document. Whether you want the dash inside or outside quotation marks when there is an interruption is really a matter of personal preference. After you've written your book… 899-555-2627. The Em Dash. en . AP style calls for a space on both sides of an em dash, but most other styles, including MLA and APA, omit the spaces. The en dash is used between two quantities or dates to suggest a range, and is indistinguishable from a . There are many resources on usage of dashes. For example: 404-555-1236. Like inline quotes (<q>), the blockquote component automatically adds quotation marks—no need to add your own..dcf-attribution To attribute the source of a quote, put the attribution in a <footer> element with the dcf-attribution class. Needless to say, figure dashes are not all that common in standard English writing. quotes Use an em dash (—) before attribution when a quote stands alone. The two most common dash variants are the en dash (-) and the em dash (—). Something I don't like is single quotes (used a lot on the UK) instead of double quotes. Dialogue without any attribution tags. En-dashes are IGNORED altogether by the AP Stylebook, but are used by other stylebooks, typically for quotation attribution. Putting the first two instances together, you can use an ellipsis to omit unnecessary words and sentences at the same time. Most epigraphs are ornamental, helping to set the tone or mood of a work but going unmentioned in the text. An epigraph is a stand-alone quotation that appears before the beginning of a text and serves to "set the stage for what follows or to serve as a summary or counterpoint" (American Psychological Association [APA], 2020, p. 277). serial comma I fix anything there are spaces around em-dashes and elipses (.) As an author, you have a creative responsibility to finish writing your book and find a way to publish. Attribution allows readers to pinpoint the source of information they've read or heard. Associated Press style is to use dashes, not bullets, for lists that follow a colon. The em dash draws a reader's attention, partly because of the physical separation that the longer dash creates and partly because these dashes appear less frequently than hyphens and en dashes. The long dash is the widest of the three horizontal marks that may be used in the middle of a sentence. em dash —. Then, after you press the space bar after the word after the dash, most word processing programs will turn those two little hyphens‐‐into an em dash—like so. "Who steals my purse steals trash." — Shakespeare. The Associated Press was founded more than 150 years ago and now has thousands of employees working in more than a hundred countries for a readership that numbers in the millions. It turns out there is a trick to the use LibreOffice's regular expressions that took a bit of head-scratching. 1. The em dash has several uses. They can be used with or without spacing. Attribution for the quotation, if any, must be placed outside the blockquote element. They can be thought-provoking and profound or funny and frivolous. 3. Like a colon, an em dash introduces a clause that explains or expands upon something that precedes it. The cite element represents the title of a work (e.g. This Wikipedia article is a reasonable resource, since it gives you a number of references so that you can get a broad sense of usage. There is also an "en dash"—whose length is between that of the hyphen and the em dash, and its best usage is to indicate inclusive dates and numbers: July 6-September 17 The date range began on July 6 and ended on September 17. You can customize the characters used as an attribution marker. Em dashes do work that way, but the lack of a second closed dash creates a kind of ambiguity that makes dialog blend in with action. Do: keep text brief - aim for a maximum of 280 characters. Colon Capitalize the first word after a colon only if it is a proper noun or the start of a complete sentence. (A hyphen is a standard key.) The em dash can function like a comma, a colon, or parenthesis. This quotation is a perfect example of the pungency of each page, striking to the core of a child's definition of books. You . It will automatically prepend an em dash (—) followed by a thin space ( ).If the attribution source comes from a . The en dash, also called an en rule, gets its name from the letter N. It's longer than a hyphen but typically about half the length of an em dash, which was traditionally defined as the width of the letter M in a given font at a given size: hyphen ‑. minimize the use of blockquotes on a page - avoid stacking them if possible. In Chicago footnote referencing, after giving full source information in the first footnote, you can shorten subsequent citations of the same source to prevent repetition. Figure 1. AP style is designed to address the challenges of the organization's large . . use <cite> tags when attributing the quote source. Use a comma at the end of a quote that is followed by attribution, but not if the quoted statement ends with a question mark or exclamation point . This should turn the quotation mark the right way (this works for getting the apostrophe to face the correct direction at the beginning of a word, too). These shortened footnotes should include the author's surname, a shortened title, and the page (s) cited: 1. Go with your gut on this, and unless quotes are absolutely needed, considering omitting them. The dash in quotations that use a trailing attribution. This restriction should avoid situation in which an em dash is used within the body of a quotation. wdn-quote: dcf-blockquote: adds quotation decorations around content (must have <p></p> around the text inside the blockquote) wdn-quoter: dcf-attribution: adds an em dash in front of quote attribution and puts attribution in a small font: wdn-stretch: dcf-w-100%: often used to stretch an image the full width of its container: wdn-subhead: dcf . Quotation Marks and the Dash. So, if a symbol is to be used, Chicago (at least implicitly) says it should be an em dash without a space. For example: Three unlikely companions—a canary, an eagle, and a parrot—flew by my window in an odd flock. An em dash is also used to show attribution of a quote, placed in front of the person's name. The en dash is less well known than . Note that the cite element represents the title of the work and must not be used to mark up people's names. The em dash is used to show : emphasis; interruption; sudden breaks in thought; lists; quote attribution The keypad codes for these dashes are as follows: en dash: alt+0150; . The dash we typically use is technically called the "em dash," and it is significantly longer than the hyphen. The annual conference is this summer. quote modifications, and source attribution makes it easier to tell them apart than it otherwise would have been had parentheses been used for each function. Multiple block quotes may occur consecutively if terminated with attributions. Note that dashes are double the length of hyphens. On a PC, it's easiest to press Ctrl+- (that's Ctrl plus the minus sign) for an en dash and Alt + Ctrl+- (that's Alt plus Ctrl plus the minus sign) f or an em dash. —Spock. On a Windows-based system, you can form an em dash on a keyboard by holding down the Alt key and typing 0151.To create the em dash on a Macintosh-based system, hold down the Shift and Option keys and press the Minus key [-], notes Techwalla, adding that alternatively, you can . Em dash basics The em dash received its name from typesetting. Storing the arguments in boxes is not needed; it's . To show a sudden interruption in quotations and reported speech, use 2 em dashes in a row. A hyphen. Em Dashes Use em dashes, with no spaces, to set a word, phrase, or clause apart from the rest of a sentence. This site contains content intended for individuals 18 years of age or older as determined by the local and national laws of the region in which you reside. However, below are the step by step break down on how to type it. I have redefined quote environment to allow me to put author at the end of quotation, but I have a mistake somewhere in my code, could someone check it: %Add source argument to quote \let\oldquote\ . The dash used in quote attribution is part of the actual text, not a pseudo-element. with an inline quote, insert a space between the end of the quote and the attribution. . [1] Both em and en dashes are visually and functionally distinct from another similar looking. There is no introduction of the author or the work cited in the preceding text. quote attribution em dashcotton + joy mighty stars quilt pattern. Pull Quote Embedded Quotation Use single quote marks within pull quotes. Attribution allows readers to pinpoint the source of information they . First, a definition: Attribution tag: a phrase (i.e., "he said") tagged onto dialogue to inform the reader to whom the line is attributed. Mental Pivot Notes and observations from a lifelong pursuit of learning. What you will find is that different publications or authorities have somewhat varying recommendations. as an alternative to in a blank or empty data cell in a chart or table (an unspaced ellipsis can also be used) IN LISTS: Dashes should be used to introduce individual sections of a list. The novelty of the em dash makes it perfect for text that you want to stand out. Pull Quote Attribution Use space + em dash + space + name ie: — Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. "The American Wagyu Association is a great organization." — John Doe R S seasons Lowercase the names of seasons. : It is this reflectiveness that has caused the attribution of the work to ateliers. with the addition of \nobreak to avoid a page break between the quote and the attribution. Other modes of entering an em dash are: Windows (Alt 1051), Mac (Shift Option -) Unicode is (U+2014), HTML (—) A three em dash is ----- (6 hyphens) or 3 em dashes ——— (GREGG 217 d.) Spaces Use an em dash to attribute quotes: "Pray for the dead and fight like hell for the living." —Mary Harris Jones. It can either end or begin a line of text. How to make an em dash If the attribution consists of multiple lines, the left edges of the second and subsequent lines must align. Thus, an em dash in 9-point type is as long as the height of a . So the following HTML it's . When the quote is interrupted, you might decide to put the dash inside. Dashes. Also reformatted Manchester Guardian attribution to include em-dash for consistency with other quotation attributions. Epigraphs in Fiction. Show activity on this post. This will mean you need to force a line break on either side of the dash. , year = 1997 , title = Doom Patrols : A Theoretical Fiction About Postmodernism , first = Steven , last = Shaviro , publisher = Serpent's Tail , location = London , isbn = 9781852424305 , lccn = 9668813 , page = 138 , passage = I may become quite intimate with someone, spend hours with em every night, and yet not have the slightest idea what . For the technicalities, see Docutils Runtime Settings. But other style guides might say something else—so, unfortunately, there is no . Em dashes are often used to mark interruptions within sentences. The 2010⁠-⁠2011 season was our best yet. Like commas and parentheses, em dashes set off extra information, such as examples, explanatory or descriptive phrases, or supplemental facts. Blockquotes.dcf-blockquote Like inline quotes (<q>), the blockquote component automatically adds quotation marks—no need to add your own..dcf-attribution To attribute the source of a quote, put the attribution in a <footer> element with the dcf-attribution class. Those textual examples presented by Chicago that use dashes all use em dashes—and there is no space between the dash and the epigraph's source attribution. Wrong: "I thought you said"—. On Mac, the key command is option+shift+-. [Forum] block quotation attribution Is it appropriate to follow a block quotation with an em-dash and the author's name (plus endnote), like an epigraph, or should the author's name be removed? The dash for quote attribution. I like to think of the quotation mark as the punctuation that can save your job, or save your grade in the class. My typing habits go back further than that—my high school typing course was taught in a room full of actual typewriters 1 —and the convention I learned was to use two hyphens. And that's because we use of quotation mark to attribute ideas and words to the original speaker, so you use quotation mark to show someone else has said something, either verbally, or they've written it on the page and if you don't use the quotation mark, when you are . For changing hyphen/dash to en-dash between numbers only, this is what to do:. how to not take on someone else's stress. Note that the em dash has to follow a soft break or has to be the first character of a new paragraph. The . An em dash might set off a phrase at the end of a sentence—like . It will automatically prepend an em dash (—) followed by a thin space ( ). The Em Dash: An Introduction. Or you could use Alt codes: h old down the Alt key and press 0150 for an en dash and 0151 for an em dash. 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See ( and use ) the figure he enriches by the attribution use the horizontal b source! To mark up people & # x27 ; t like is single quotes ( used lot! And they don & # x27 ; s large quotes ( used a lot on the outside of quote attribution em dash!